The Time To Live (TTLs) length of time is set in seconds. For any particular record record the seconds are set by the authoritative name server. When the authoritative nameserver is queried for a resource record by a caching (recursive) name server it will cache and record the TTL set by the administrator.
Remember the shorter the TTL time is set to the higher the query counts will be and the higher the TTL is set to the lower the query counts will be. This is because the TTL lets the recursive (caching) name server know how long to keep a resource record cached.
See also:
Caching
Authoritative
Resource Record